mount_usb

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===== It's all automatic =====
By default XBian will automatically discover and mount USB hard disks.
When you plug them in they appear in the SCSI subsystem so the names of the various drive devices will be ''/dev/sda'', ''/dev/sdb'', etc., depending on the order in which they are connected.

Xbian will automatically mount the partitions found on these drives in subdirectories created in the ''/media'' directory. The actual name will depend on whether you have a UUID on the drive, etc. The names could be:

    /media/usb0
    /media/49f67e18-61de-475a-bf6a-8b100727f03e  (long name = UUID of the drive)
    /media/32G (name = label of the drive)
    etc.

You can view the currently mounted drives using the ''mount'' command when connected via SSH:
    xbian@xbian ~ $ mount
    sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,noatime)
    proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,noatime)
    udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,relatime,size=256k,nr_inodes=47078,mode=755)
    devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
    tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,noexec,noatime,size=38304k,mode=755)
    /dev/mmcblk0p2 on / type btrfs (rw,noatime,thread_pool=2,compress=lzo,ssd,space_cache,autodefrag,commit=120)
    /dev/mmcblk0p1 on /boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro)
    /dev/mmcblk0p2 on /home type btrfs (rw,noatime,thread_pool=2,compress=lzo,ssd,space_cache,autodefrag,commit=120)
    /dev/mmcblk0p2 on /lib/modules type btrfs (rw,noatime,thread_pool=2,compress=lzo,ssd,space_cache,autodefrag,commit=120)
    none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)
    /dev/sdb1 on /media/6e56ad20-5db1-48f3-bca1-c631724c7a51 type ext4 (rw,nodev,noexec,noatime,nodiratime,sync,data=ordered)
    /dev/mmcblk0p2 on /xbmc-backup type btrfs (rw,noatime,thread_pool=2,compress=lzo,ssd,space_cache,autodefrag,commit=120)
    /dev/sda1 on /media/49b67e18-61fd-475a-bf6a-8b100727f03e type ext4 (rw,nodev,noexec,noatime,nodiratime,sync,data=ordered)
    xbian@xbian ~ $

Look for the lines that begin with **''/dev/sd...''**.

When you unplug the HDD these directories will disappear automatically.

===== Mounting to a permanent location =====
If you'd like to have a more permanent mount point for your drive you have several options:

=== Simple way: symlink ===

Create a symbolic link (symlink) to the ''/media/'' subdirectory where you drive appears. For example you can make it appear in ''/home/xbian/downloads'' by typing this command after connecting via SSH:

    ln -s /media/49f67e18-61de-475a-bf6a-8b100727f03e /home/xbian/downloads

(replace the ''/media/...'' part with your actual drive)

Whenever the disk is plugged in and automatically mounted your files will appear in the symlink location. You can even create multiple symlinks to the same disk or to subdirectories of your disk.

=== Hard way: fstab ===

You can add an entry to the ''/etc/fstab'' file to set a permanent mount point, replacing the default ''/media'' location. This file gives the list of filesystems to mount at startup or when you type the ''mount -a'' command.
You can add a new line in it (using ''nano'' or your favorite command-line editor after becoming root with ''sudo -s''). When you do this you should specify the disk device to mount using its UUID and not the current drive letter (e.g. ''/dev/sda'') because it could change when you unplug/replug it.
The easiest is to copy the corresponding line from the ''mount'' output (see above) and replace the current drive device by ''UUID=<your-uuid>''.
For example for an ext4-formatted USD drive to be mounted on ''/home/xbian/downloads'' could be added like this (use your own UUID of course!):

    UUID=6e56ad20-5db1-48f3-bca1-c631724c7a51 /home/xbian/downloads ext4 rw,sync,nodev,noexec,noatime,nodiratime,data=ordered 0 0


After adding this line you should save the file and use ''mount -a'' to test it. You can unmount a currently mounted drive using ''umount'' (e.g. ''umount /dev/sda''), just make sure you are not currently in the mounted directory.

**Important**: if you add an entry in ''/etc/fstab'' XBian will sometimes not boot if the disk is missing. You can add the ''noauto'' options in your ''fstab'' line to avoid this:


    UUID=6e56ad20-5db1-48f3-bca1-c631724c7a51 /home/xbian/downloads ext4 noauto,rw,sync,nodev,noexec,noatime,nodiratime,data=ordered0 0

Have a look at the documentation (''man fstab'') for more details.


==== How to find you disk's UUID? ====
Usually the simplest way is to type ''mount'' and look at the output. Another option is to look into the ''/dev/disk/by-uuid'' folder that contains symlinks to the actual devices: 

    xbian@xbian ~ $ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/
    total 0
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 28 08:28 49b67e18-61fd-475a-bf6a-8b100727f03e -> ../../sda1
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 28 08:28 6e56ad20-5db1-48f3-bca1-c631724c7a51 -> ../../sdb1
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jun 28 08:28 A815-4C22 -> ../../mmcblk0p1
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jun 28 08:28 bc525fb5-5301-4146-bfbf-635e20849a3b -> ../../mmcblk0p2
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jun 28 08:28 e9184209-fe43-4ef8-be30-1ee0e701708a -> ../../mmcblk0p3


You can also find out using ''blkid'' or ''fdisk -l'' but those commands are not installed by default in XBian.
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